Al-Qur'an Surah Al-Baqarah Verse 3

Mufti Taqi Usmani

who believe in the Unseen, and are steadfast in Salāh (prayer), and spend out of what We have provided them;

Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

who believe in the unseen,[[ i.e., the belief in Allah, the angels, and the Day of Judgment. ]] establish prayer, and donate from what We have provided for them,

Ruwwad Translation Center

who believe in the unseen, establish prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them,

A. J. Arberry

who believe in the Unseen, and perform the prayer, and expend of that We have provided them;

Abdul Haleem

who believe in the unseen,keep up the prayer, and give out of what We have provided for them;

Abdul Majid Daryabadi

Who believe in the Unseen, and establish prayer, and out of that wherewith We have provided them expend.

Abdullah Yusuf Ali

Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them;

Abul Ala Maududi

who believe in the unseen, establish the Salats and expend (in Our way) out of what We have bestowed on them;

Ahmed Ali

Who believe in the Unknown and fulfil their devotional obligations, and spend in charity of what We have given them;

Ahmed Raza Khan

Those who believe without seeing (the hidden), and keep the (obligatory) prayer established, and spend in Our cause from what We have bestowed upon them.

Ali Quli Qarai

who believe in the Unseen, maintain the prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them;

Ali Ünal

Those who believe in the Unseen; establish the Prayer in conformity with its conditions, and out of what We have provided for them (of wealth, knowledge, power, etc.,) they spend (to provide sustenance for the needy and in God’s cause, purely for the good pleasure of God and without placing others under obligation.)

Amatul Rahman Omar

Those who believe in the existence of hidden reality, that which is beyond the reach of human perception and ordinary cognisance, and who observe the Prayer and spend (on others) out of that which We have provided for them,

English Literal

Those who believe with the unseen/hidden and they keep up/call for the prayers and from what We provided for them they spend.

Faridul Haque

Those who believe without seeing (the hidden), and keep the (obligatory) prayer established, and spend in Our cause from what We have bestowed upon them.

Hamid S. Aziz

Who believe in the unseen, and are steadfast in worship, and spend of what We have given them;

Hilali & Khan

Who believe in the Ghaib and perform As-Salat (Iqamat-as-Salat), and spend out of what we have provided for them [i.e. give Zakat, spend on themselves, their parents, their children, their wives, etc., and also give charity to the poor and also in Allah's Cause - Jihad, etc.].

Maulana Mohammad Ali

Who believe in the Unseen and keep up prayer and spend out of what We have given them,

Mohammad Habib Shakir

Those who believe in the unseen and keep up prayer and spend out of what We have given them.

Mohammed Marmaduke William Pickthall

Who believe in the Unseen, and establish worship, and spend of that We have bestowed upon them;

Muhammad Sarwar

the pious who believe in the unseen, attend to prayer, give in charity part of what We have granted them;

Qaribullah & Darwish

Who believe in the unseen and establish the (daily) prayer; who spend out of what We have provided them.

Safi-ur-Rahman al-Mubarakpuri

Those Who have faith in the Ghayb and perform Salah, and spend out of what we have provided for them.

Wahiduddin Khan

who believe in the unseen, and are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of what We have provided them with;

Talal Itani

Those who believe in the unseen, and perform the prayers, and give from what We have provided for them.

Tafsir jalalayn

who believe in, that is, who accept the truth of, the Unseen, what is hidden from them of the Resurrection, Paradise and the Fire; and maintain the prayer, that is to say, who perform it giving it its proper due; and of what We have provided them, that is, of what we have bestowed upon them, expend, in obedience to God;

Tafseer Ibn Kathir

يُؤْمِنُونَ

The Meaning of Iman

Allah says;

الَّذِينَ يُوْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ

Those Who have faith in the Ghayb.

Abu Jafar Ar-Razi said that Al-Ala bin Al-Musayyib bin Rafi narrated from Abu Ishaq that Abu Al-Ahwas said that Abdullah said,

"Iman is to trust."

Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said,
يُوْمِنُونَ
(who have faith),

means they trust.

Also, Ma`mar said that Az-Zuhri said,

"Iman is the deeds."

In addition, Abu Jafar Ar-Razi said that Ar-Rabi bin Anas said that,

`They have faith', means, they fear (Allah).

Ibn Jarir (At-Tabari) commented,

"The preferred view is that they be described as having faith in the Unseen by the tongue, deed and creed. In this case, fear of Allah is included in the general meaning of Iman, which necessitates following deeds of the tongue by implementation. Hence, Iman is a general term that includes affirming and believing in Allah, His Books and His Messengers, and realizing this affirmation through adhering to the implications of what the tongue utters and affirms."

Linguistically, in the absolute sense, Iman merely means trust, and it is used to mean that sometimes in the Qur'an, for instance, Allah the Exalted said,

يُوْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيُوْمِنُ لِلْمُوْمِنِينَ

He trusts (yu'minu) in Allah, and trusts (yu'minu) in the believers. (9;61)

Prophet Yusuf's brothers said to their father,

وَمَأ أَنتَ بِمُوْمِنٍ لَّنَا وَلَوْ كُنَّا صَـدِقِينَ

But you will never believe us even when we speak the truth. (12;17)

Further, the word Iman is sometimes mentioned along with deeds, such as Allah said,

إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ

Save those who believe (in Islamic Monotheism) and do righteous deeds. (95;6)

However, when Iman is used in an unrestricted manner, it includes beliefs, deeds, and statements of the tongue. We should state here that Iman increases and decreases.

There are many narrations and Hadiths on this subject, and we discussed them in the beginning of our explanation of Sahih Al-Bukhari, all favors are from Allah.

Some scholars explained that Iman means Khashyah (fear of Allah). For instance, Allah said;

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُم بِالْغَيْبِ

Verily, those who fear their Lord unseen (i.e. they do not see Him, nor His punishment in the Hereafter). (67;12)

and,

مَّنْ خَشِىَ الرَّحْمَـنَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَجَأءَ بِقَلْبٍ مُّنِيبٍ

Who feared the Most Gracious (Allah) in the Ghayb (unseen) and brought a heart turned in repentance (to Him and absolutely free from every kind of polytheism). (50;33)

Fear is the core of Iman and knowledge, just as Allah the Exalted said,

إِنَّمَا يَخْشَى اللَّهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمَاءُ

It is only those who have knowledge among His servants that fear Allah. (35;28)

The Meaning of Al-Ghayb

As for the meaning of Ghayb here, the Salaf have different explanations of it, all of which are correct, indicating the same general meaning.

For instance, Abu Jafar Ar-Razi quoted Ar-Rabi bin Anas, reporting from Abu Al-Aliyah about Allah's statement,
يُوْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ
((Those who) have faith in the Ghayb),

"They believe in Allah, His angels, Books, Messengers, the Last Day, His Paradise, Fire and in the meeting with Him. They also believe in life after death and in Resurrection. All of this is the Ghayb."

Qatadah bin Di`amah said similarly.

Sa`id bin Mansur reported from Abdur-Rahman bin Yazid who said,

"We were sitting with Abdullah bin Mas`ud when we mentioned the Companions of the Prophet and their deeds being superior to our deeds.

Abdullah said, `The matter of Muhammad was clear for those who saw him. By He other than Whom there is no God, no person will ever acquire a better type of faith than believing in Al-Ghayb.'

He then recited,

الم
-
ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ هُدًى لِّلْمُتَّقِينَ
-
الَّذِينَ يُوْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ

Alif Lam Mim. This is the Book, wherein there is no doubt, a guidance for the Muttaqin. Those who believe in the Ghayb, until,
الْمُفْلِحُونَ
(the successful)."

Ibn Abi Hatim, Ibn Marduwyah and Al-Hakim, in his Mustadrak, recorded this Hadith.

Al-Hakim commented that this Hadith is authentic and that the Two Sheikhs - Al-Bukhari and Muslim - did not collect it, although it meets their criteria.

Ahmad recorded a Hadith with similar meaning from Ibn Muhayriz who said;

I said to Abu Jumu`ah, "Narrate a Hadith for us that you heard from the Messenger of Allah."

He said, "Yes. I will narrate a good Hadith for you.

Once we had lunch with the Messenger of Allah. Abu Ubaydah, who was with us, said, `O Messenger of Allah! Are people better than us We embraced Islam with you and performed Jihad with you.'

He said,

نَعَمْ قَوْمٌ مِنْ بَعْدِكُمْ يُوْمِنُونَ بِي وَلَمْ يَرَوْنِي

Yes, those who will come after you, who will believe in me although they did not see me."

This Hadith has another route collected by Abu Bakr bin Marduwyah in his Tafsir, from Salih bin Jubayr who said;

Abu Jumu`ah Al-Ansari, the Companion of the Messenger of Allah, came to Bayt Al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) to perform the prayer. Raja' bin Haywah was with us, so when Abu Jumu`ah finished, we went out to greet him. When he was about to leave, he said, "You have a gift and a right. I will narrate a Hadith for you that I heard from the Messenger of Allah."

We said, "Do so, and may Allah grant you mercy."

He said, "We were with the Messenger of Allah, ten people including Mu`adh bin Jabal. We said, "O Messenger of Allah! Are there people who will acquire greater rewards than us We believed in Allah and followed you.'

He said,

مَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ يَأْتِيكُمْ بِالْوَحْيِ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بَلْ قَوْمٌ بَعْدَكُمْ يَأْتِيهِمْ كِتَابٌ مِنْ بَيْنِ لَوْحَيْنِ يُوْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَعْمَلُونَ بِمَا فِيهِ أُوليِكَ أَعْظَمُ مِنْكُمْ أَجْرًا مَرَّتَيْن

What prevents you from doing so, while the Messenger of Allah is among you, bringing you the revelation from heaven There are people who will come after you and who will be given a book between two covers (the Qur'an), and they will believe in it and implement its commands. They have a greater reward than you, even twice as much."

Allah says;

...
وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ

And perform Salah, and spend out of what we have provided for them.

Meaning of Iqamat As-Salah

Ibn Abbas said that,
وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلةَ
(And perform the Salah),

means, "Perform the prayer with all of the obligations that accompany it."

Ad-Dahhak said that Ibn Abbas said,

"Iqamat As-Salah means to complete the bowings, prostrations, recitation, humbleness and attendance for the prayer."

Qatadah said,

"Iqamat As-Salah means to preserve punctuality, and the ablution, bowings, and prostrations of the prayer."

Muqatil bin Hayyan said Iqamat As-Salah means,

"To preserve punctuality for it, as well as completing ones purity for it, and completing the bowings, prostrations, recitation of the Qur'an, Tashahhud and blessings for the Prophet. This is Iqamat As-Salah."

The Meaning of "Spending" in this Ayah

Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn Abbas said,
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ
(And spend out of what We have provided for them) means,

"The Zakah due on their wealth."

As-Suddi said that Abu Malik and Abu Salih narrated from Ibn Abbas, as well as Murrah from Ibn Mas`ud and other Companions of the Messenger of Allah, that,
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ
(And spend out of what We have provided for them) means,

"A man's spending on his family. This was before the obligation of Zakah was revealed."

Juwaybir narrated from Ad-Dahhak,

"General spending (in charity) was a means of drawing nearer to Allah, according to one's discretion and capability. Until the obligation of charity was revealed in the seven Ayat of Surah Bara'ah, were revealed. These abrogated the previous case."

In many instances, Allah mentioned prayer and spending wealth together.

Prayer is a right of Allah as well as a form of worshipping Him. It includes singling Him out for one's devotion, praising Him, glorifying Him, supplicating to Him, invoking Him, and it displays one's dependence upon Him.

Spending is form of kindness towards creatures by giving them what will benefit them, and those people most deserving of this charity are the relatives, the wife, the servants and then the rest of the people. So all types of required charity and required spending are included in Allah's saying,
وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنفِقُونَ
(And spend out of what we have provided for them).

The Two Sahihs recorded that Ibn Umar said that the Messenger of Allah said,

بُنِيَ الاِْسْلَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ

شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ

وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَإةِ

وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ

وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ

وَحَجِّ الْبَيْت

Islam is built upon five (pillars);

Testifying that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah,

establishing the prayer,

giving Zakah,

fasting Ramadan and

Hajj to the House.

There are many other Hadiths on this subject.

The Meaning of Salah

In the Arabic language, the basic meaning of Salah is supplication. In religious terminology, Salah is used to refer to the acts of bowing and prostration, the remaining specified acts associated with it, specified at certain times, with those known conditions, and the characteristics, and requirements that are well-known about it.